variables analyzed; blast furnace pro ductivity, coke rate and slag rate. The typical chemical properties of sinter and BF pellets, the latter corresponding to those
Sep 02, 2020· Blast furnace (BF) coal injection became a routine practice among European BFs; roughly, 40% of total energy required for the process is covered by auxiliary reducing agents. ... the extent of its transfer to the BF shaft and interaction with coke, sinter, and pellets under BF-simulating conditions. ... The conducted exercises gave indications ...
Jul 10, 2019· Scrap can be charged at a maximum rate of ~10% of the Fe burden A BF requires ~960 kg of Fe burden to produce 1 tonne of hot metal (i.e. 960 kg/thm) and, due to the respective Fe contents of sinter, lump and pellet, this typically requires a total of ~1.6 t of iron ore burden to be charged.
Aug 14, 2021· Coke Ovens-Sinter-BF-BOF Route. The most common steel making technology is the Bf-Bof Route. Coke is used in Blast Furnace (BF) both as a reductant and as a source of thermal energy. It involves reduction of ore to liquid metal in the blast furnace and and refining in convertor to form steel. The various stages of the steel plant is described ...
Two measures for coke saving and increase in blast furnace efficiency related to coke characteristics – reactivity and size – are discussed in this paper. Modern blast furnace operation with low coke rate and high injection rate causes a change in coke quality requirements. A discussion has arisen recently about highly reactive coke.
Focusing on the reduction of the furnace grade and the large amount of low-cost raw materials entering the sintering and blast furnace, it will bring many disadvantages to the blast furnace. The production organization must plan ahead to ensure the minimum reserve of production materials, and scientifically formulate multiple sets of technical ...
INJECTION OF PULVERIZED MATERIALS INTO THE BLAST FURNACE RACEWAY1 Lena Sundqvist Ökvist2 Gunilla Hyllander3 Erik T Olsson4 Jan-Olov Wikström 5 ... sinter fines and iron ore fines were carried out in Japan aiming to control the HM quality. ... Coke rate 414-480 400-452 439 444-446 440 428 394 406 398-408 kg/tHM
Nov 01, 2019· The sinter samples used in the investigation were obtained by pilot-scale sinter pot tests. Fig.1 shows the layout for the sinter pot system schematically. The diameter and height of the pot are 300 mm and 600 mm, respectively.The ore blend composition, sintering conditions and tested cases are listed in Table 1.Total nine sinter pot tests, corresponding to three levels of coke rate (4.05%, 4 ...
blast furnace the reaction was limited by the diffusion rate. Coke degradation was therefore mostly restricted to the coke surface in the blast furnace. At a later EBF campaign, off-gas dust was sampled during operation with different iron-bearing materials. EBF process data were used to evaluate the relationship
Jul 30, 2013· The blast furnace hearth is never empty; it is always full of coke and contains varied quantities of metal and slag. Even after tapping, there is always some amount of residual slag in the hearth (Figure 1).Permeability and density of the coke grid are not uniform within the hearth; for example, deadman is the least permeable zone in the hearth.
The function of the Sinter Plant is to supply the blast furnaces with sinter, a combination of blended ores, fluxes and coke which is partially 'cooked' or sintered. In this form, the materials combine efficiently in the blast furnace and allow for more consistent and controllable iron manufacture. Figure 1 shows a simplified diagram of a ...
Sep 25, 2020· The use of PCF to save coke is a strategic approach to reducing the energy inputs to iron smelting in blast furnaces (BF) [3,4,5].With the PCF-to-coke replacement ratio equal to 0.9–1.0 kg of coke per 1 kg of PCF and the coal consumption per ton of skip coke equal to 1.4–1.6 ton, the use of PCF at the NLMK made it possible to change the coal supply structure and to reduce the total coal ...
Carbon consumption was decreased along the relationship of 0.36 kgC/tHM per 1kgC/tHM of input carbon from RCA. Key words: Blast furnace; ... in order to drastically lower the carbon consumption rate of blast furnaces, ... condition was to use only coke and sinter…
Blast Furnace Burden Preparation with Reference to High Ash Coke R. F. Jennings, A. M. Frankau THE primary objectives in iron smelting are high output, low coke, rate and smooth operation. The aspect of coke econonac is somewhat cotn-pleic »when working with an iron rich burden and a high ash coke since the ash of the coke contri-
Nov 01, 2020·, the effective Young's modulus for sinter in case 1 should be in the range of 25.6 ≤ E ≤ 64.0 GPa for 4 ≥ m ≥ 2 while that of the sinter with 5.50 wt.% coke rate is in the range of 76.5 ≤ E ≤ 110.7 GPa for 4 ≥ m ≥ 2. The denser sinter with a much higher Young's modulus means its stiffness is more able to impede compaction ...
Reduction of Blast Furnace Coke Rate : Coal Injection. Reduction of Coke Rate to 310kg/THM under the High Productivity at the Kwangyang No.4 Blast Furnace. Reduction, Softening and Melting Properties of Pellets, Sinters, Lumpy Ore and Mixed Blast Furnace Burden
Jun 29, 2014· Blast furnace coke rate reduces by around 2 % with the blast temperature increasing by 100 deg C. High top pressure also reduces the coke rate in the blast furnace. With every increase of top pressure of the blast furnace by 0.1 kg/sq cm there is a reduction of around 0.1 % in the coke rate.
Mar 15, 2015· A sintering plant has become a tremendous success for providing a phenomenal increase in the productivity and saving in coke rate in the blast furnace. Fluxed sinter represents an improved blast furnace material as compared to sized iron ore.
above, the changes in blast furnace operation when the sinter ratio is changed were predicted using the 2-dimensional simulator. The effects of the sinter ratio and the coke mixed charging ratio were investigated for base operational parameters (productivity: 2.0 t-pig/ m3·d, coke ratio: 387.5 kg/t-pig, PCR: 89.1 kg/t-pig, blast rate: 7 780 ...
Aug 03, 2011· If the hot blast temperature is lower than the aim for more than 4 hours then a fuel rate equivalent change is to be made to restore the thermal input. However if by reducing the blast moisture results in a flame temperature above 2250˚C then the coal rate or coke rate should be increased instead.
relationship amongst the variables and (b) apparent inter-relationship amongst the ... towards decrease in the coke rate of the furnace are outlined. Statistical Analysis of Performance Data The carbon rate, Y1, as response variable and independent variables X1 to X14 ... Avg. Temperature of hot blast (X13), K Specific sinter consumption (X1 ...
Graphitization of coke and its interaction with slag in the hearth of a blast furnace. K. Li, J. Zhang, Y. Liu, M. Barati, Z. Liu, J. Zhong, B. Su, M. Wei, G. Wang, T. Yang Coke reaction behavior in the blast furnace hearth has yet to be fully understood due to limited access to the high temperature zone.
the reducing agents rate in the blast furnace when the partially reduced ore was ... *2 Hokkai Iron & Coke Corp. sinter fine ore. ... Therefore, a study on the relationship between degree of reduction and productivity was undertaken.
Mar 23, 2021· In a blast furnace for extracting iron from the oxide ores, the Carbon content of the metallurgical coke being heated with the Iron ore reacts with the oxide- displacing Fe - so CO2 and Fe are obtained. At the operating temperature range of the bl...
Coke Oven an overview ScienceDirect Topics. Apr 02, 2010 · The total energy use distribution [24] by various units of the steel plant (coke ovens, sinter plant, blast furnaces, steel shop, rolling mills, and power plant) is shown in Figure 4.2.8.
slag rate, reduced output and increased energy consumption through coke rate. Based on the above study, correlation of Alumina in Sinter with Blast Furnace carbon rate was conducted. As per the study, every 1% increase of Alumina in BF burden, carbon rate in Blast Furnaces …
May 16, 2018· Blast Furnace Lowest ever coke rate achieved through process improvement Controlling furnace hearth wear by suitable adjustment of casting practice and use of acoustic technology Kalinganagar Process Solid Waste Utilisation at Sinter Plant Solid wastes from Blast Furnaces, Steel Melt Shop and Hot ...
toward lower coke rate and higher pulverized coke rate blast furnace operation, but as a result, it is more difficult to secure permeability in the blast furnace. For this reason, a large amount of return fines of sinter is not used in current blast furnace operation. In contrast, if return fines of sinter can be agglomerated and used as raw ...