Aug 18, 2020· As a kind of basic first rule you could say: Impact crushing is suitable for rocks with a low work index (<12) as well as low silica (<20%) and moisture levels (<5%). Rocks with these characteristics are soft and non-abrasive material, which can be broken easily within the crushing chamber while keeping wear rates at a minimum and produce high ...
In addition to crushing and impact strength tests, density and ... Results showed that the blasting process can reduce the Bond work index of fragments as much as 18% and enhances their ...
Jan 15, 2016· The main influence on the Si index is from the material itself, however the impact crushing action causes the material to fragment along natural lines, rather than being sheared off in a …
The Crusher Work Index in kWh/ton is a function of the material's impact strength and is defined by … an argillite type of rock, which has a work index of 16.5 …bond crushing work index equipment.
Jul 27, 2021· the impact of the process of crushing natural aggregate on the crushing strength LA (i.e., Los Angeles) index was analyzed. The aim was to analyze the impact of the crushing of
index and Bond work index. The Bond work index is regarded as one of the crushing resistance; it can therefore be presumed that the Bond work index is correlated to the mechanical properties of materials [4]. Literature review on impact crusher performance in relation to machine
Dec 01, 2007· An impact pendulum that follows strictly Bond's standard for crushability measurement (Bond, 1947, Bergstrom, 1985, Tavares, 2007) has been used, which allows calculating the crushing, or impact, work index.The test consists of dropping two pendulum-mounted hammers simultaneously against individual particles of size ranging from 75 to 50 mm that are sitting on a pedestal ().
Bond impact crushing work index measurements Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy The work done by Hukki and Bond was for... Know More. Introduction to Crushing. Introduction to Crushing Impact Work Index is calculated as WI = 000485 its Abrasion Index AI Granite 046 Gneiss 048 Quartzite 079...
calculating the crushing, or impact, work index. The test. consists of dropping two pendulum-mounted hammers. simultaneously against individual particles of size ranging.
iii index CRI ut was developed, which represents the influence of rock type, impact velocity and the feed size in the crushing process. Thereafter, an empirical model was established based on a
Sep 30, 2019· This document draws on the examination of researchers' work in the area of architecture and impact mitigation analysis to explain the behavior of vehicle impact crushing. The geometric structure and material chosen for the impact attenuator by researchers is first outlined briefly, and the FEA analysis and experimental testing methods are listed below.
Jun 16, 2015· Sizing a crusher can be done reliably calculated thanks to the Impact/Crushing Work Index and the testwork research done by Fred Chester Bond and his 1952 paper. According to Bond's Third Theory of Comminution, the work/energy input is proportional to the new crack tip length created during particle breakage and equivalent to the work …
Feb 26, 2014· SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS Information Gained • Preliminary drill core for resource definition and split for bond work indices • Whole core for Autogenous Media Competency Index, Impact crusher work indices and fracture frequency • Bulk Sample, large diameter drill core, open pit or underground for pilot plant testing Effect on Circuit ...
Geometallurgy relates to the practice of combining geology or geostatistics with metallurgy, or, more specifically, extractive metallurgy, to create a spatially or geologically based predictive model for mineral processing plants. It is used in the hard rock mining industry for risk management and mitigation during mineral processing plant design. It is also used, to a lesser extent, for ...
occurs. The work input, assuming no change in work index, is .194 kwh/ton. For a mine crushing 50 million tons per year, a reduction of 1.8 million kilowatt-hours, or about $125,000 per year is realized. The second possibility is a decrease in Wi. There is evidence that work index bears a …
Bond Work Index an overview ScienceDirect Topics. Bond impact crushability work index (CWi) (Bond, Simplifying Equation (450), the power required for a jaw crusher would be (451) P = 001195 W i Q G − 1054 L MIN + L T G L MIN + L T kWh / t For operating a jaw crusher it is necessary to know the maximum power required consistently with the reduction ratio and the gape and closed side settings ...
The three types of crushers most commonly used for crushing CDW materials are the jaw crusher, the impact crusher and the gyratory crusher (Figure 4.4).A jaw crusher consists of two plates, with one oscillating back and forth against the other at a fixed angle (Figure 4.4(a)) and it is the most widely used in primary crushing stages (Behera et al., 2014).
bond work index uses in gold processing - crusher in India. bond crushing work index of copper slag ... Values of Bond crushing work index will vary from a 8 kWh/t for …
ability to work harden while crushing, which extends its wear life dramatically. • •u Liners work hardens by compressive forces and at any given time the work hardened face is only about 2-3mm. • • The speed at which the liner work hardens increases as the percentage manganese content increases; so12-14% work hardens slowest & 20-24% ...
The Bond crushing work index test (sometimes called the "impact work index" test) is noisy, and the difference you observed is perfectly reasonable. The paper by Angove & Dunne (1997) reports a standard deviation in crushing work index tests across laboratories as 4.5.
As a basic rule, impact crushing is suitable for rocks with a low work index (<12) as well as low silica (<20%) and moisture levels (<5%). Rocks with these characteristics are soft and non-abrasive, and easily broken within the crushing chamber, keeping wear rates at a minimum, and producing high reduction ratios with a better-shaped end product.
energy impact work index (a.k.a. crushing work index) is conducted only on coarse specimens placed one at a time in the testing apparatus. With respect to the crushing work index test, F.C. Bond (1946) specifies that "In the standard method of testing only broken pieces that …
The Bond low-energy impact crushing work index (more informally, the Bond crushing work index) is not as common as the Bond ball mill work index, and it is a notoriously noisy test.. The test is a 'per-specimen' test where individual specimens of prepared rock are hand-picked by the test operator and placed into the apparatus.
The application quality of dry granular fertilizer depends on several variables. In general, the performance of a fertilizer applicator can be contributed to 1/3 operator, 1/3 applicator and 1/3 fertilizer characteristics. When discussing operator and applicator, "operator" refers to the individual operating the equipment and "applicator" refers to the piece of application equipment.
Traumatic Crushing Injury of the Fingers. Our hands and fingers are constantly exposed during daily tasks, placing them at high risk for injury. Crush injuries result from high-energy trauma, affecting people of any age. According to Hand, the majority of hand trauma injuries in children are to the fingertips. ...
The Pendulum Tester / Bond Impact Crushing Work Index Tester. Working principle Crushing by impact. 76 mm maximum feed size. Test repetition: At least 10, preferably 20 test runs. The Bond Crushing Work Index …
Jun 19, 2015· Table of Bond Work Index by Minerals. Post navigation. Previous. Next. This Table of Ball Mill Bond Work Index of Minerals is a summary as tested on 'around the world sample'. You can find the SG of each mineral samples on the other table. Source 1 Source 2 Source 3 Source 3 Source 4 Source 5 Source 6 Source 6 KWh/t Source 6;
The Bond Low-Energy Impact test can be used to determine the Crusher Work index (CWi), also known as the Impact Work Index. The test determines the impact energy at which a specimen fails and allows approximation of net power requirements for sizing crushers. The open and closed sized settings for given product sizes can also be determined.